Книга: Maxima and minima: Mathematics, Function (mathematics), Domain of a function, Set theory, Greatest element, Optimization (mathematics), First derivative ... test, Limit superior and limit inferior

In mathematics, maxima and minima, known collectively as extrema (singular extremum), are the largest value (maximum) or smallest value (minimum), that a function takes in a point either within a give neighbourhood (local extremum) or on the function domain in its entirety (global extremum). More generally, the maxima and minima of a set (as defined in set theory are the greatest and least values in the set. To locate extreme values is the basic objective of optimization.