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Книга по требованию: Transactions and Proceedings and Report of the Royal Society of South Australia, 1926, Vol. 11 (Classic Reprint)

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Вес: 0.42 кг.
Год издания: 2016
Страниц: 260 Переплет: мягкая обложка
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Excerpt from Transactions and Proceedings and Report of the Royal Society of South Australia, 1926, Vol. 11

In the course of a recent visit to Adelaide I was greatly impressed by the evidence of cleanliness everywhere and the freedom from smells. The system of drainage adopted appeared to be excellent in its workings, and I was anxious to discover what had been the effect on the public health resulting from its introduction. Accordingly I obtained, by the courtesy of Dr. Whittell, the Registrar-General, a set of the annual reports on the vital statistics of South Australia for the years 1882 to 1886, embracing the period just before and that just following the completion of the deep drainage system.

At the first glance it appears as if the result, in reduction of the death-rate, had been very marked. According to the reports the death-rate for Adelaide and suburbs, which had averaged 2138 per 1,000 in the ten years 1875-84, and had never been less than 19-71 (in 1877), fell suddenly in 1885 to U-34, and in 1886 to 1431. Such an extraordinary reduction in the rate of mortality, suddenly produced, is probably unprecedented in the sanitary history of any city or town of similar population, and is calculated to excite suspicion that some fallacy has been allowed to creep in. The possibility of error is, of course, admitted by the Registrar-General, who says (Report for 1886): "The peculiar circumstances of the colony during the last two or three years have caused fluctuations in different districts and to towns, which may lead to some error in the estimates, which cannot be adjusted till a new census has been taken."

The probability of error, suggested by the very fact of the death-rate having fallen to such an extent, is confirmed by the circumstance that in the same years(1885 and 1886) there was likewise an almost equal lowering in the birth-rate. Now, to whatever cause this may have been due, it cannot be supposed to have resulted from the sanitary improvements, to which a reduction in the death-rate might be ascribed. As regards the lowered birth-rate there can hardly be doubt that its cause is to be found in the commercial depression which has for some time existed in South Australia, and which has probably affected chiefly and most severely the capital.

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